{"id":201587,"date":"2017-06-23T05:36:09","date_gmt":"2017-06-23T08:36:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.dicaseducacaofisica.info\/historia-atletismo\/"},"modified":"2017-06-23T05:36:09","modified_gmt":"2017-06-23T08:36:09","slug":"historia-atletismo","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.dicaseducacaofisica.info\/en\/historia-atletismo\/","title":{"rendered":"History of Athletics: Where and How It Arose"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_81 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-light-blue ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">\u00cdndice<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.dicaseducacaofisica.info\/en\/historia-atletismo\/#Introduction_The_History_of_Athletics\" >Introduction: The History of Athletics<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.dicaseducacaofisica.info\/en\/historia-atletismo\/#Where_athletics_originated\" >Where athletics originated<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.dicaseducacaofisica.info\/en\/historia-atletismo\/#The_origin_of_the_name_Athletics\" >The origin of the name Athletics<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/www.dicaseducacaofisica.info\/en\/historia-atletismo\/#How_athletics_came_about\" >How athletics came about<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/www.dicaseducacaofisica.info\/en\/historia-atletismo\/#When_athletics_came_about\" >When athletics came about<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/www.dicaseducacaofisica.info\/en\/historia-atletismo\/#The_disciplines_of_ancient_athletics\" >The disciplines of ancient athletics<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/www.dicaseducacaofisica.info\/en\/historia-atletismo\/#The_race\" >The race:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/www.dicaseducacaofisica.info\/en\/historia-atletismo\/#The_origin_of_the_starting_block\" >The origin of the starting block<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/www.dicaseducacaofisica.info\/en\/historia-atletismo\/#Launches\" >Launches<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/www.dicaseducacaofisica.info\/en\/historia-atletismo\/#Heels\" >Heels<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/www.dicaseducacaofisica.info\/en\/historia-atletismo\/#The_end_of_athletics\" >The end of athletics<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/www.dicaseducacaofisica.info\/en\/historia-atletismo\/#The_return_of_athletics\" >The return of athletics<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/www.dicaseducacaofisica.info\/en\/historia-atletismo\/#The_Creation_of_the_International_Olympic_Committee\" >The Creation of the International Olympic Committee<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/www.dicaseducacaofisica.info\/en\/historia-atletismo\/#The_first_Olympic_Athletics_Program\" >The first Olympic Athletics Program<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/www.dicaseducacaofisica.info\/en\/historia-atletismo\/#The_Creation_of_the_Marathon\" >The Creation of the Marathon<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/www.dicaseducacaofisica.info\/en\/historia-atletismo\/#Curiosities_about_athletics_and_its_history\" >Curiosities about athletics and its history<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/www.dicaseducacaofisica.info\/en\/historia-atletismo\/#More_about_Athletics\" >More about Athletics<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Introduction_The_History_of_Athletics\"><\/span><span lang=\"pt-PT\">Introduction: The History of Athletics<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.dicaseducacaofisica.info\/en\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Dicas Educa\u00e7\u00e3o F\u00edsica<\/a> has prepared a summary of the long and fascinating history of athletics. You&#8217;ll see in this post: Where, when and how Athletics came about, how it came about, the origin of the word <a href=\"https:\/\/www.dicaseducacaofisica.info\/en\/sports\/athletics\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Athletics<\/a>, the ancient modalities of Athletics, its Olympic history and the curiosities of the long history of this fascinating sport. <\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Where_athletics_originated\"><\/span><span lang=\"pt-PT\">Where athletics originated<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p> <span lang=\"pt-PT\"> O <\/span><span lang=\"pt-PT\">Athletics<\/span><span lang=\"pt-PT\"> originated in <\/span><span lang=\"pt-PT\">Greece<\/span><span lang=\"pt-PT\">  old. Since the beginning of mankind&#8217;s existence, man has been motivated by the desire to compete. As a result, various disciplines have been developed to feed this need, one of which is athletics. <\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"The_origin_of_the_name_Athletics\"><\/span>The origin of the name Athletics<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span lang=\"pt-PT\">The word<\/span>athletics is derived from the Greek root ATHI, which means competition.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"How_athletics_came_about\"><\/span>How <span lang=\"pt-PT\">athletics<\/span> came about<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span lang=\"pt-PT\">The emergence of athletics is linked to the fantastic Greek mythology, since Homer, in his epic poem, the Iliad, tells us <\/span> that Achilles held sporting competitions, in one of his passages, the poet mentions a race &#8220;Son of Oileus, and \u00c1jax took the lead, on his steps the divine Ulysses threw himself&#8230;&#8221;. The Greeks used to hold sports competitions to honor the gods and pay homage to visitors. <\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"When_athletics_came_about\"><\/span><span lang=\"pt-PT\">When athletics came about<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span lang=\"pt-PT\">Athletics emerged in <\/span><span lang=\"pt-PT\">776 BC<\/span><span lang=\"pt-PT\">, but as early as<\/span> 884 BC, Pythia suggested that the king of Elida, Iphitus, bring back the games so that the gods could put an end to the plague that was hitting the Peloponnese. However, these games were only recorded 108 years later. <\/p>\n<p>Video <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=FnhaJ0TZdwU\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">History of Athletics<\/a><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"The_disciplines_of_ancient_athletics\"><\/span>The disciplines of ancient athletics<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span lang=\"pt-PT\">Athletics was one of the sports that formed part of the ancient Olympic games, initially subdivided into three (3) disciplines:  <\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"The_race\"><\/span><span lang=\"pt-PT\">The race:  <\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>The Race is one of the most traditional events in athletics and world sport. It was run in a stadium over a 192.27-metre course, which the Greeks gave a peculiar name, calling it the 600 feet of Hercules, as a way of paying homage to the demigod.<\/p>\n<p>According to Homer, the first race to be considered a sporting event was organized by Hercules, who, after completing his 12 labors, took up residence on the island of Crete and built his stadium, in which sporting events were held.<\/p>\n<p>Initially, the race was run over two laps of the track, which they called diualo. Later, they started to run longer races consisting of 12 complete laps, which they called d\u00f3lico. <\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"The_origin_of_the_starting_block\"><\/span>The origin of the starting block<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Runners used to make holes in the ground to get a better boost at the start of the race. Hence the origin of what we know today as the starting block in athletics. <\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Launches\"><\/span>Launches<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>In ancient times, throws were made from the Discobolo, which was a barrier made of earth on which the athletes stood to make their throws.<\/p>\n<p>Throws were made with darts, which were approximately 1.80m long and contained a sharp iron part at their tip, which helped the spear to pierce the ground, so that the distance reached during the throw could be measured.<\/p>\n<p>In addition to darts, throws were also made with stones and iron or bronze disks.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Heels\"><\/span>Heels<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Jumping was one of the disciplines of ancient athletics and is still practiced today. In them, athletes could run to the line and jump so that their feet didn&#8217;t touch the line separating the track from where they were supposed to fall. <\/p>\n<p>Each competitor could jump three times and the winner of the race was the one who achieved the greatest distance in the jump. This distance was the sum total of the three jumps. <\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.dicaseducacaofisica.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/salto-atletismo.jpg\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.dicaseducacaofisica.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/salto-atletismo.jpg\" alt=\"History of Athletics: Ancient Athletics disciplines\" width=\"680\" height=\"470\"><\/a><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"The_end_of_athletics\"><\/span>The end of athletics<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>After the Romans took Greece in the 1st century AD, the games continued, but they were more recreational than competitive. In addition, the athletes were not free citizens, they were slaves or prisoners of war, and the practice was not done to worship gods or visitors. <\/p>\n<p>There was a great decline in athletics during the transition from Greek to Roman culture. This alone was a great loss for what sport really represented, however, in 394 AD the then emperor Theodosius, responsible for the death of 10,000 Greeks, decided to convert to Christianity, and abolished the games, since they were created by the pagans, causing them to be abolished for 8 centuries. <\/p>\n<p>After that, athletics were practiced discreetly around the world, as in England. However, in Europe during the medieval age, its interests were directed towards military training, as they were facing a time of war and it was more useful for people to learn how to fight than to practise sport. <\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"The_return_of_athletics\"><\/span>The return of athletics<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>In 1892, at a meeting held at the Sorbonne in Paris, Pierri Fredi presented a project to recreate athletics and the Olympic Games, which had been abolished by King Theodosius. The proposal aimed to improve the character of young people and children, and to awaken team spirit and a taste for competition. <\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"The_Creation_of_the_International_Olympic_Committee\"><\/span>The Creation of the International Olympic Committee<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>The history of athletics is often intertwined with the history of the Olympic Games. In 1894, the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.olympic.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">IOC (International Olympic Committee)<\/a> was created at a congress in Sorbonne, attended by 14 representatives from different countries. <\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"The_first_Olympic_Athletics_Program\"><\/span>The first Olympic Athletics Program<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>The first Olympic athletics program of the modern Olympics kept the essence of Greek athletics, as it included running; long and high jump, triple jump and pole vault; weight throw and discus throw.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"The_Creation_of_the_Marathon\"><\/span>The Creation of the Marathon<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.dicaseducacaofisica.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/maratona-atletismo.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.dicaseducacaofisica.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/maratona-atletismo.jpg\" alt=\"History of Athletics: Marathon\" width=\"640\" height=\"200\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p>A special type of race was created, the Marathon, which consists of a 42 km course. It was a tribute to the distance run by a Greek soldier, Philipides, to announce that the Greeks had won the war against the Persians. The distance covered by the soldier was around 35 km, after which he died of exhaustion.  <\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Curiosities_about_athletics_and_its_history\"><\/span>Curiosities about athletics and its history<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Women were only allowed to take part in athletics and the games in 1928.<\/li>\n<li>The first recorded winner of an athletics event was the Greek Corebo, from Elida. He won the race in 776 BC, which Iphitus promoted in order to please the gods. <\/li>\n<li>Long before the Greeks, the Egyptians were already involved in stick fighting competitions. Ten centuries later, the Cretans began to use sport for competition and recreation, such as dancing, pugilism and foot races. <\/li>\n<li>In 1936, the Olympics were held in Berlin, Germany, in the middle of the Second World War. Black athlete Jesse Owens disappointed Hitler&#8217;s expectations. Owens won four golds in the 100m and 200m races, the 4 x 100m relay and the long jump.  <\/li>\n<li>The first Brazilian to win an Olympic athletics event was Adhemar Ferreira da Silva in the triple jump at the 1952 Olympics in Helsinki.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"More_about_Athletics\"><\/span>More about Athletics<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.dicaseducacaofisica.info\/historia-olimpiadas\/\">History of the Olympics<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.dicaseducacaofisica.info\/saltos-atletismo-olimpico\/\">Jumps in Olympic Athletics<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.dicaseducacaofisica.info\/provas-campo-atletismo\/\">Field Trials in Olympic Athletics<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.dicaseducacaofisica.info\/provas-pista-atletismo\/\">Track events in Olympic athletics<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.dicaseducacaofisica.info\/corridas-rasas-atletismo\/\">Flat Races in Athletics<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.dicaseducacaofisica.info\/corridas-revezamento-atletismo\/\">Relay races in athletics<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.dicaseducacaofisica.info\/corridas-barreiras-atletismo\/\">Barrier races in athletics<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.dicaseducacaofisica.info\/corridas-obstaculos-atletismo\/\">Obstacle races in athletics<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.cbat.org.br\/novo\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Brazilian Athletics Confederation<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Introduction: The History of Athletics Dicas Educa\u00e7\u00e3o F\u00edsica has prepared a summary of the long and fascinating history of athletics. You&#8217;ll see in this post: Where, when and how Athletics came about, how it came about, the origin of the word Athletics, the ancient modalities of Athletics, its Olympic history and the curiosities of the&hellip;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.dicaseducacaofisica.info\/en\/historia-atletismo\/\" rel=\"bookmark\">Read More &raquo;<span class=\"screen-reader-text\">History of Athletics: Where and How It Arose<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_crdt_document":"","neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"","neve_meta_content_width":0,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[412,411],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-201587","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-athletics","category-sports"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.dicaseducacaofisica.info\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/201587","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.dicaseducacaofisica.info\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.dicaseducacaofisica.info\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dicaseducacaofisica.info\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dicaseducacaofisica.info\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=201587"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.dicaseducacaofisica.info\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/201587\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.dicaseducacaofisica.info\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=201587"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dicaseducacaofisica.info\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=201587"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dicaseducacaofisica.info\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=201587"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}